NOMAD Version 6.52 | Installation Steps Required with NOMAD 6.52 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The NOMAD for Teradata Interface supports Teradata Version 2 Release 2 in DBC/SQL mode.
On MVS, the person installing this IUT should move the SCTQL420 schema for SCHEMGEN/TQLGEN to the appropriate prefix and translate the schema. For more information, refer to the NOMAD Interim Update Tape Getting Started MVS, IUT 9704. On VM, the SCTQL420 database is installed on the NOMAD shared disk (N2SHARE). For more information, refer to the NOMAD Interim Update Tape Getting Started VM, IUT 9704.
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The following databases have been updated and should be moved to the appropriate disk on VM or prefix on MVS. |
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Table of Contents | 3 |
NOMAD Version 6.52 | NOMAD Enhancements | ||||||||||||||||||
The following schemas have been updated and should be moved to the appropriate disk on VM or data set on MVS. |
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Updated Databases The following databases have been updated and should be moved to the appropriate disk on VM or prefix on MVS. |
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The TRACE Y2K command identifies areas of NOMAD code that may have Year 2000 compliance problems. When TRACE Y2K is active and questionable conversions are executed during procedural processing, a trace record is written. |
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Required Parameters One of the following parameters:
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Table of Contents | 4 |
NOMAD Version 6.52 | NOMAD Enhancements |
Usage While NOMAD is largely Year 2000 compliant, it is possible to write NOMAD applications that are not. The TRACE Y2K command notes procedural commands that convert dates using a 2-digit year format (YY format). TRACE Y2K can be used to trace production applications. The commands to activate the trace can be put in a NOMAD profile procedure. TRACE Y2K can be used with any NOMAD Interface (SQL/DS, DB2, TQL, IMS, IDMS, GEDI), but the trace does not do any interface-specific checking of date manipulation. TRACE Y2K is valid for all non-English-language versions of NOMAD.
TRACE Y2K tracks date conversion events for executed commands. In order to ensure complete code analysis, procedures should be tested with all possible code paths. If this is not practical, use alternate scanning tools in conjunction with TRACE Y2K. Because TRACE Y2K tracks commands during their execution, directive statements will not be included in trace results. For example, DATABASE, DBADD, and DEFINE statements, which may contain non-compliant date expressions, will not appear in the trace. However, a statement that evaluates a DEFINE that references a non-compliant date expression during procedural execution will appear in the trace results. TRACE Y2K checks any date manipulation executed within NOMAD; it cannot check date manipulation operations external to NOMAD (e.g., in sort, EXEC, or CLIST operations).
TRACE Y2K can be helpful in analyzing the @SYSTEM profile, the database profile, and other profile procedures under a shared database server, but TRACE Y2K will not record activity relating to database access requests from users running as database drivers. Remember, TRACE Y2K tracks procedural commands and, so, has limited value if used to track shared database processing. |
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The TRACE Y2K command works in conjunction with the TRACE FILE command. Issue the TRACE FILE command to indicate the trace file file-id where TRACE Y2K records should be written. The name of the trace file is flexible and can conform to the site's file naming conventions. Trace records are written in external format and can be viewed with any file browse facility. The disk space required for the results file depends on the number of lines of date-dependent code in the target application. For more information on the TRACE FILE command, refer to the Chapter 10 in the NOMAD Reference Manual. If TRACE FILE is not issued, Y2K trace output is sent to the default output device (SYSPRINT). For interactive NOMAD, this is the terminal display. For batch NOMAD, this is the job log. For production applications, it may be more convenient to direct output to a printer rather than allocating a new disk file. Trace output can be directed to a printer with the command TRACE FILE PTR. Since TRACE FILE is used for general tracking, Y2K trace records can be interspersed with other types of traces, e.g., TRACE ON (procedure), SQL, DB2, or GEDI.
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NOMAD Version 6.52 | NOMAD Enhancements | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
In order to minimize trace output, once a trace record is written for a given statement, no additional trace records are written for it. Further trace events that occur involving that statement are ignored, regardless of whether a different trace event occurs. Once a statement is traced, a NOMAD application programmer should examine the statement and make any corrections needed for Year 2000 compliance. There is an exception to 6 NOMAD Version 6.52 NOMAD Enhancements the single trace record rule. If a PURGE command is issued to remove the procedure (and its statements) from memory, and the procedure is re-executed, the statement may be flagged again and a record written to the trace file again. The following example shows how to direct TRACE Y2K records to a file named Y2K TRACE: |
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On VM, a trace file should not be defined on a disk on which database writes are being done. If a RESTORE occurs either explicitly by command or implicitly due to a procedure error, the trace records may be lost. Refer to Chapter 14 in the NOMAD Reference Manual for information on SAVE and RESTORE. Once a statement
is traced, a NOMAD application programmer should examine the statement
and make any corrections needed for Year 2000 compliance. Even after
corrections have been made to a command or a procedure, it may be advisable
to keep TRACE Y2K ON. There may be additional problems areas in the
procedure, particularly procedures that contain long, non-procedural
commands such as LIST. For example, a single LIST command may require
corrections for several item references. Subsequent traces may point
out areas that were missed by the initial correction attempts, or some
of the attempted corrections may not be Year 2000 compliant. |
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Trace Record Format
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NOMAD Version 6.52 | NOMAD Enhancements | ||||||||||||
Trace Record Characteristics NOMAD commands are processed by specialized internal NOMAD routines. The command name that appears in a TRACE Y2K record is taken from the name of its internal NOMAD processing routine. This causes some command names to appear in the trace differently than they are specified in the NOMAD procedure syntax. For example:
If an INCLUDE command is used to process additional NOMAD code within a procedure, the included lines appear as if they are part of that main procedure. The TRACE Y2K records will show the file name of the main procedure, not the file name of the procedure executing via the INCLUDE. Because the INCLUDE lines are treated as part of the main procedure, line numbers of subsequent lines in the main procedure are incremented by the number of included lines. Therefore, you must allow for INCLUDE lines when you are interpreting the output from TRACE Y2K. The commented lines at the beginning of each statement in the following example show the statement number assigned during execution of the procedure. PROCA NOMAD:
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produces the file PROCA LISTING containing the following output:
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NOMAD Version 6.52 | NOMAD Enhancements | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Y2KTRACE SCHEMA The following schema can be used to browse the contents of the Y2K trace file. The Y2KTRACE SCHEMA and SIT2 are installed with NOMAD Version 6.52.
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Trace Events A trace event denotes a point during execution of a NOMAD command where a possible non-compliant Year 2000 date operation is performed. Trace events are detected during various NOMAD operations. A NOMAD command signals an event by setting an event code (&Y2K_EVENT_CODE). A Y2K trace record is written when a trace event occurs during execution of a NOMAD command. The event code is included in the trace record contents to facilitate identification of the date operation being performed. The following Year 2000 trace events are tracked: |
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NOMAD Version 6.52 | NOMAD Enhancements | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Procedure code for many of the following examples is shown with line numbers for ease in correlating Y2K trace output to the executed code. As mentioned earlier, the TYPE parameter or the LIST parameter of the NOMAD2 command can be used when invoking NOMAD to produce a line-numbered version of a procedure: |
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NOMAD Version 6.52 | NOMAD Enhancements | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
When a procedure is run with the TYPE parameter, a line-numbered display of the procedure is typed on the terminal (or SYSPRINT device). When a procedure is run with the LIST parameter, a file named procname LISTING is generated with line numbers annotating each statement. Example 1: Activating TRACE Y2K in the NOMAD Profile The following example shows how to automatically activate TRACE Y2K when invoking NOMAD through a command placed in the NOMAD profile procedure. This method could be used to trace production applications where it is more convenient to direct the output to a printer rather than allocating a new disk file: PROFILE NOMAD: |
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EXITPROC NOMAD: |
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The following procedure, TRACEY2K NOMAD, turns on TRACE Y2K, runs a procedure, and turns off the trace in order to collect the trace output for the procedure: TRACEY2K NOMAD: |
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The procedure MYPROC NOMAD creates future dates extending into the year 2000 using the ADDATE function. The procedure then produces a report sorted by a two-digit year in character format: MYPROC NOMAD: |
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NOMAD Version 6.52 | NOMAD Enhancements | |||||||||||||||||||||
MYPROC NOMAD produces the following report sorted across the two-character alphanumeric values of FUTUREYY. Notice that the ACROSS sort order, visible in the initial heading line of the report, is out of order by date. The sort is being done on the item named FUTUREYY, which represents the last two digits of the year values, but in the format of an alphanumeric character expression. The introduction of the value 00 for the first time invalidates the report sort order. The character value 00 is placed at the start of the sort order rather than at the end where the date value 2000 should appear. |
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File Y2K TRACE is produced when the trace file is closed. It includes only the single line:
The trace Year 2000 event code 0100 indicates that a character item derived from a DATE'YY' format conversion is being used in a LIST command and that the LIST may need to be changed for Year 2000 compliance. A possible correction for this type of problem is to define a date expression that lets NOMAD's date conversion routines display within the sort heading in AS DATE'YY' format while sorting internally on the complete date value. Some extra work is needed in the DEFINE expression to combine all dates that fall within a given year into a single month and day value for each year. MYPROC2 NOMAD: |
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Note the difference in the ACROSS sort order: |
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File Y2K TRACE is still produced. When the trace file is closed, it includes only a single line:
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NOMAD Version 6.52 | NOMAD Enhancements | |||||||||||||
Notice that the AS DATE'YY' display format in the LIST command is flagged. Although this only converts an internal date to an external display format with two digits (AS DATE'YY'), the item is not being converted to a non-date data type. Thus, any sorting or other operation on the item done by LIST would use NOMAD internal date manipulation. A display of a date value in YY format is not considered to be critical to the outcome of the resulting report. Nevertheless, a low trace event value is signaled in order to warn that you might want to change the procedure because of the two-digit year display. Example 3: Preventing Certain Trace Events This example shows how to prevent certain trace events from being recorded in the Y2K TRACE file. In this case, trace event 0001, which tracks conversions of any internal date to two-character year format, will not be recorded in the Y2K TRACE file. This event can occur frequently during execution of a NOMAD application and can cause a sizable trace file to be generated. As conversion of date items to two-character year format is not necessarily a Year 2000 compliance problem for reporting output, display of data on screens, or the like, you may want to restrict this event from the trace. First, procedure YYREPORT NOMAD is run without restricting trace events: CALLYYR1 NOMAD: |
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Following is the report procedure. YYREPORT NOMAD:
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This is the report produced: |
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NOMAD Version 6.52 | NOMAD Enhancements | |||||
The following Y2K TRACE file is produced. The two-digit date display is flagged in the LIST. Although this is a conversion of an internal date to external YY format, the item is not being converted to a non-date data type. Thus, any sorting or other operation on the item done by LIST would use NOMAD internal date manipulation. A display of a date value in YY format is not considered to be critical to the outcome of the resulting report. Nevertheless, a low trace event value is signaled in order to signal that you might want to change the procedure if this is of concern in this particular situation.
Since date-to-YY conversion is quite common, it may be desirable to restrict this from trace results. The following example shows how to prevent occurrences of trace event 0001 from being recorded in the Y2K TRACE file. CALLYYR2 NOMAD: |
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Example 4: PURGE Command Use of PURGE to delete compiled procedures from memory during a NOMAD session, and subsequent re-execution of the procedure, can cause duplicate entries in the Y2K TRACE file. CALLDEPT NOMAD: |
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DEPTRPT NOMAD: | ||||||
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The following Y2K TRACE file shows the effect of PURGE. Note the repeat of records for statements 6.01 and 7.01 that use YY date conversions. Purging and rerunning (recompiling) the procedure causes any prior indication of Y2K tracking for those statements to be lost. |
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NOMAD Version 6.52 | NOMAD Enhancements | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
A report from theY2K TRACE file can sort by procedure name and statement number to eliminate duplicates, reducing the amount of data to analyze. Y2KRPT NOMAD: |
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Following is the report produced from the trace file: |
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Example 5: DEFINE Statement DEFINE statements that contain problematic date handling are not traced directly by TRACE Y2K; that is, the definition of a DEFINE expression is not traced. But conversion operations involving those DEFINE expressions are traced. The following example uses several DEFINE date expressions that convert a date item to various date formats: |
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Y2KDEFN NOMAD: |
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Notice that the DEFINE statements do not appear in the trace. The LIST commands that reference the DEFINED items do appear in the trace, since conversion of date data to a YY format occurs during access and display of the date data. The first LIST, which uses the database item PURCHDATE:
does not appear in the trace, because its use of a YYYY date format will not result in truncation of century information. While TRACE Y2K flags the command performing data conversion as the statement with a problem, the correction will likely be a change to the DEFINE statement, not necessarily to the command that was flagged by TRACE Y2K. |
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There are four formats for the NOMAD2 command:
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NOMAD Version 6.52 | NOMAD Enhancements | ||||||||||||
For VM: |
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For MVS: | |||||||||||||
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Required Parameters [no changes]
(DATE) date (Documentation Clarification) |
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EXECUTE (VM only) (Documentation Clarification) |
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NOMAD Version 6.52 | NOMAD Enhancements |
SVC11 |
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QUIET (VM only) |
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Usage NOMAD2...DBCHK - DATE Specification (Documentation Clarification) DBCHK is issued from the operating system command level. Use NOMAD2...DBCHK and the name(s) of the database(s) to be checked. Optionally, the DATE parameter can be used. When databases are checked on a periodic basis, this parameter can be used to eliminate unnecessary checking by specifying the date of the previous DBCHK. An example of the command with DATE is:
Any date format that does not require a discrete AS DATE format specification (for example, formats MM/DD/YY, MMDDYYYY, and MMDDYY) are all acceptable. The date portion is limited to eight characters on VM. If OPTION DATEORDER has been issued in a user or a system profile procedure, this date will obey the OPTION DATEORDER specification. QUIET Parameter (VM Only) When it is necessary to suppress normal messages during NOMAD initialization on VM, specify the QUIET parameter. This causes messages such as NOMAD2 LOADED to be suppressed. Error messages are still displayed. SVC11 Parameter The SVC11 invocation parameter allows single applications to be easily tested by allowing users to invoke the normally installed version of NOMAD yet have NOMAD use the TIME SVC. When NOMAD is invoked using the SVC11 parameter, NOMAD uses the TIME SVC to get the date when setting &DATE and &DATETIME. This makes Year 2000 testing with third-party software, which resets the date by intercepting calls to OS TIME SVC (SVC 11), possible. Recommendation: When performing Year 2000 testing, change the SCV11 setting for all NOMAD users via the SVC11 option of $NOMOPTS. Refer to the earlier section "Year 2000 Testing: $NOMOPTS - SVC11 Option."
Examples Example 1: DBCHK Parameter - DATE Specification if your PROFILE NOMAD has:
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When you issue:
NOMAD checks that the date of the last DBCHK was earlier than May 25, 1998, before executing the DBCHK. Example 2: QUIET Parameter (VM Only) The example on the left shows YNOMAD2 being loaded and then entered, and the response from the system to each command. The example on the right shows YNOMAD2 being loaded and then entered using the QUIET parameter. Notice that the message (YNOMAD2 ) is suppressed. n2 (ver y YNOMAD2 LOADED Ready: T=0.04/0.06 11:37:23 n2 (quiet) NOMAD2 Dev Ver 900D 21May98 |
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To invoke NOMAD with OS TIME SVC to determine values for &DATE or &DATETIME issue:
SVC11 can be specified with other invocation parameters in any order, except it should not come between another parameter and its argument(s).
For more information on Year 2000 testing, refer to the earlier section "Year 2000 Testing: $NOMOPTS - SVC11 Option." |
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CREATE FOR LOTUS123 is used to format data from NOMAD-accessible databases into files that can be imported into a PC worksheet package, such as Lotus 1-2-3. CREATE FOR LOTUS123 produces a file with detail data, a text file containing 1-2-3 format instructions, and a worksheet file in Lotus 1-2-3 internal format containing a load macro that automates the loading and formatting of the data. These files are sent to the PC through the file transfer facilities available at your site. Once the files are available on the PC, the information can be loaded into a PC worksheet package. With the introduction of Lotus 1-2-3 For Windows, the macro processing and worksheet compatibility underwent significant changes. These enhancements of CREATE FOR LOTUS123 are designed to accommodate these processing changes. |
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File Names File type and file-id are used to construct a file name. File-id is either TEMP or the name in the ON parameter specified by the CREATE FOR command. The following types of files can be generated: |
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Worksheet File (WKS File) In addition to the data file and the text file, CREATE FOR LOTUS123 generates a worksheet file. Although the TXT and PRN files can be transferred to the PC with text formats, the WKS file should be transferred to the PC with a binary format. The created worksheet is empty except for a macro used to start column formatting and data loading. By default, the worksheet file is created with the file type WKS. This file is generally then downloaded to the PC with the file extension .WKS. Not all versions of Lotus 1-2-3 allow smooth operation with the load macro when the worksheet file is assigned the PC file extension WKS. For some versions of Lotus 1-2-3, the file extension WK1 is required for the load macro contained within the worksheet file to function smoothly. For this reason, a new system &variable &WKSEXTN has been implemented. &WKSEXTN controls the file type of the worksheet file produced by CREATE FOR LOTUS123. When the file is downloaded, the file type is generally transformed into the PC file extension. If your version of Lotus 1-2-3 requires that the worksheet file be downloaded to the PC with the extension WK1, change the NOMAD &variable &WKSEXTN from its default value of WKS to WK1. The value recommended for all users of Windows versions of Lotus 1-2-3 is WK1. The value for &WKSEXTN can be set in an individual user's profile if users at a site have various levels of Lotus 1-2-3. A prompt string telling the user to run the load macro may be displayed if the user has changed the macro name from "\0" to some other name. A macro named "\0" is automatically executed when a worksheet is retrieved; a macro with another name must be explicitly executed by the user when the worksheet opens. For example, if &WKSMACRO='\A', when the worksheet is retrieved in the 1-2-3 environment, the worksheet will display a message: |
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NOMAD Version 6.52 | NOMAD Enhancements | |||||||||||||||
Use the menu choice to run the macro (Tools>Macro>Run) or use the keystroke shortcut. When a single letter has been designated as the macro name, as "\A" in this example, depending on the version of Lotus 1-2-3, a keystroke shortcut is automatically available. In Lotus 1-2-3 Release 2 and 3 for DOS, press the ALT key plus the specified letter; in Release 4 or higher, press the CTRL key plus the letter specified to execute the macro. The slash visible in the message is the internal convention for identifying macros in Lotus 1-2-3, not a keystroke value to be pressed. By default, this prompt message is not displayed, because a macro with the name "\0" is executed automatically when the created worksheet is retrieved. The worksheet file automates data loading into Lotus 1-2-3. The WKS file is designed to be used with Lotus 1-2-3 since:
In many cases, if the worksheet package has sufficient compatibility with Lotus 1-2-3, the worksheet file and the macro function much as they do with Lotus 1-2-3. If the worksheet file will not open or the macro will not function, the PRN data file can still be imported into the other worksheet package by using an ASCII text import facility. DATE and DATETIME Display Formats DATE and DATETIME data are generated in integer format representing the number of days relative to December 31, 1599. The TIME component of DATETIME data is ignored. In Lotus 1-2-3, a date outside the worksheet range is displayed as an overflow (***). Lotus 1-2-3 requires that a date column be formatted with additional character width when displaying years greater than 1999. Any year value of 2000 or greater will display with a four-digit year value automatically. If the column for the date value has not been assigned the extra needed character width, the display shows as an overflow (***). Although initially the display seems to signal an error, if the column width is adjusted, the data appears. To ensure that Year 2000 dates display correctly in a downloaded spreadsheet, a new system &variable &WKSYEARDIGITS has been implemented. &WKSYEARDIGITS can be assigned a value of 2 or 4. A value of 2 is sufficient if only dates less than the year 2000 are displayed. If date values that contain the year 2000 or greater will be part of the data, &WKSYEARDIGITS should be set to 4. A setting of 4 ensures that sufficient formatting space is allocated to the date columns so that an overflow display is avoided. The NOMAD display formats and their Lotus 1-2-3 equivalents are unchanged, but the Lotus 1-2-3 formats D1, D3, and D4, which contain year values in their display, are automatically displayed enlarged from a two-digit year (YY) to a four-digit year (YYYY) when the year values are greater than 1999. New System & Variables The following system &variables can be used to specify global formatting information. |
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NOMAD Version 6.52 | NOMAD Enhancements | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transferring NOMAD-Generated Files to a Worksheet Product This section contains examples of how to transfer the three files generated by CREATE FOR LOTUS123 into Lotus 1-2-3. If another worksheet product is the target and it is sufficiently compatible with Lotus 1-2-3, the same steps can be followed to automatically open and load the worksheet file. If the product is not sufficiently compatible with Lotus 1-2-3, the PRN data information can be imported using an ASCII text import facility. Transferring Files to Lotus 1-2-3 To transfer data from NOMAD on VM to Lotus 1-2-3 on your PC, follow these steps: |
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The worksheet (WKS) file must be transferred as binary while the other files should be transferred with EBCDIC/ASCII character conversions. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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NOMAD Version 6.52 | NOMAD Enhancements | ||||||||||||||||
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Behavior Change in NOMAD Version 6.52 The results returned for queries against a shared database may change in NOMAD Version 6.52 when OPTION CENTURYBREAK or OPTION DATEORDER is used. Information on the client's OPTION CENTURYBREAK and OPTION DATEORDER settings is now sent to the server. The evaluation of the user's requests will be influenced by the server's consideration of the values of these settings. For example, if a SELECT or WHERE clause contains a date literal compared to the value of a date item, the literal date value will be evaluated according to the client's setting for OPTION CENTURYBREAK and OPTION DATEORDER. In versions of NOMAD earlier than 6.52, the server's settings for OPTION CENTURYBREAK and OPTION DATEORDER determined the evaluation of the literal.
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In Version 6.52, the maximum length of a database profile record is no longer restricted to 8K. A shared database profile and all of its called procedures are sent to the driver in a minimum of 8K blocks. However, the block size is increased when a record larger than 8K is encountered. |
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Behavior Change in NOMAD Version 6.52 The CLEAR SYSTEM command does not clear the setting of the OPTION CENTURYBREAK command. |
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